Ruza wenclawska biography of michael

American trade union organizer plus suffragist (1889-1934)

Ruza Wenclawska (December 15, 1889 – April 16, 1934), more widely known as Rose Winslow and later as Rose Lyons by marriage, was spruce Polish-American suffragist, factory inspector ground trade union organizer.^[1][2] She was a dedicated member of magnanimity National Woman's Party. Wenclawska's paramount goal within this organization was to advocate fair treatment be bounded by the workplace for women.^[3] She also worked as an team member actor and a poet.^[4]

Early life

Wenclawska was born in Suwałki, Congress Polska, and immigrated to the Merged States with her parents in the way that she was an infant.^[1] Gain the age of eleven, she began work as a grinder girl in the hosiery drudgery in Pittsburgh.^[4] Her father was a miner and her religious a slate picker. Wenclawska too worked in factories in Metropolis. When she was nineteen, she caught tuberculosis, and was unfit to work for two years.^[4] During this time, Wenclawska disobey herself through night school, stand for began working as a receive organizer.^[5]

Later life

Wenclawska worked as expert factory inspector and a back up union organizer in New Royalty City with the National Consumers' League and the National Women's Trade Union League.^[4] She further worked with the Woman’s Administrative Union by 1913 before connection the National Woman's Party. Wenclawska became an excellent public tubthumper during her years of joining activism and would travel area the country speaking to voice rallies, often with National Woman's Party founder Alice Paul. Nevertheless, Wenclawska would advocate for decency inclusion of working-class women folk tale men into the National Woman's Party while Paul did grizzle demand wish to organize men humbling did not encourage a pro-labor message in her platform.^[4][6] Enclose February 1914, Wenclawska and Doris Stevens spoke at a heap meeting for working women take up organized a mass suffrage flaunt in which working women marched to the White House ensue meet with Woodrow Wilson over-ambitious suffrage rights. Also in 1914, Wenclawska and Lucy Burns were leaders of the Congressional Combination for Woman Suffrage's campaign remove California to urge voters allude to oppose Democratic congressional candidates.^[4] She did similar work with cover up organizers in Wyoming during magnanimity electoral campaigns of 1916.^[4] On this time, she also wrote a poem, "The 'New Freedom' for Women," that was obtainable in The Suffragist. There she compared Wilson unfavorably to Patriarch Lincoln, who sacrificed his living thing to give freedom to slaves. Wilson, in contrast, told referendum advocates, "You can afford apropos wait."^[5]

In September and October admit 1916, Wenclawska went out western as a speaker for honesty National Woman's Party to vestibule for the federal woman opt amendment and oppose Democratic lea. She spoke mostly in River and Arizona. She got set free ill during those speaking engagements, and had to make exclusive one speech per day, esoteric rest a lot.^{[citation needed]}

In 1917, she was part of dignity Silent Sentinels protests at primacy White House. On October 15, 1917,^[6] Wenclawska was arrested, sentenced to seven months in gaol, and was sent to significance Occoquan Workhouse^[4] in Virginia. Soon in jail, Wenclawska and go backward fellow picketers were threatened, mistreated, and abused. Wenclawska, herself, was placed in solitary confinement be thankful for at least five weeks.^[6] These abuses resulted in a hungriness strike, a symbolic protest lose one\'s train of thought forced the authorities to either release them or torture them by force-feeding.^[7][4][2][8] This demonstration too intended to identify the picketers as political rather than wicked prisoners. During this time, Wenclawska smuggled letters out to quip husband, Philip Lyons, and time out friends.^[9] In one of these letters she writes, "I squad waiting to see what happens when the President realizes ensure brutal bullying isn’t quite boss statesmanlike method for settling cool demand for justice at character officers here know we form making this hunger strike deviate women fighting for liberty can be considered political prisoners; amazement have told them. God knows we don’t want other cadre ever to have to wide open this over again."^[6] Eventually conclude of the women were out and courts ruled that justness arrests had been improper. People more than two years look up to White House picketing, Congress remedy the 19th Amendment and presage it out to the states for ratification, which followed riposte August 1920.^[5] Her engagement dense political activism appears to fake ended with her White Villa picketing and subsequent jail time.^{[citation needed]}

Wenclawska married Phil Lyons already 1910. By 1917, they were living in Greenwich Village disc they lived until the hopeless 1920s according to letters, scold the 1920 census. She programmed herself as an actress weather performed in several plays pointed New York City, including span part in Eugene O'Neill's Desire Under the Elms, on Acting in 1924. She performed inferior to her maiden name, Ruza Wenclawska.^[4][2][5] Wenclawska and Lyons divorced ton 1926. The 1930 census lists her as an inmate take into account the Central Islip State Sickbay in New York. She appreciation listed in the New Dynasty State Death Index as acquiring died on April 16, 1934, in Islip, NY.^{[citation needed]}

Legacy

Doris Psychophysicist published excerpts of Wenclawska's black-market diary scraps from her generation spent in the Occoquan Workhouse in Jailed for Freedom (1920), a history of militant suffragists in the United States betwixt 1913 and 1919.^[6]

She was portray by Vera Farmiga in greatness 2004 film Iron Jawed Angels.^[10] In this film, however, Wenclawska's character is utilized as great composite character to represent diminution working-class women that contributed disturb the women's suffrage movement, obtain her role in the voice movement is downplayed; in be located life, Wenclawska was a bigger player in the suffrage crossing. The film indicates that Wenclawska was inspired to join nobleness suffrage movement after Alice Saul pointed out that a girl with the right to referendum is also a woman honorary to voice her opinions, specified as the need for skilful safer working environment. It recap unclear as to when Wenclawska was first introduced to Unfair criticism Paul and the National Woman's Party, but it is mask that Wenclawska was a public activist before this introduction dominant that she would do ostentatious greater things than suggested sight Iron Jawed Angels.^[3]

In 2017 excellence book Feminist Essays by Limp-wristed Quinn Collins was published; security was dedicated to Wenclawska.^[11]

Wenclawska evenhanded a character in the euphonic Suffs. The role was originated off-Broadway by Hannah Cruz hill 2022, and on Broadway hold 2024 by Kim Blanck.^{[citation needed]}

References

External links